| It is my great pleasure to speak this evening with my
colleagues about the teaching method that can end the crisis in education.
I teach physical education and health education in the South Bronx to junior
high school special education students who have been termed "severely and
profoundly emotionally handicapped," and who have great difficulty learning.
Many of these students have committed one or more serious acts of violence
within a school setting. Some of these have been punching and kicking a
pregnant teacher, hitting a principal with a chair, assaulting other students,
sometimes with a deadly weapon. And often, students will go deeply within
themselves, cover their heads with their jackets, glare at a teacher, refusing
to speak or answer questions; sometimes a young person will suck his or
her thumb throughout a lesson--or suddenly shriek, curse another student,
or laugh mockingly. One of my primary responsibilities as a teacher is,
according to our guidelines: to reduce as much as possible these various
kinds of "anti-social" behavior so these students can go to a less restrictive
environment and receive a fuller education.
Approximately 4 years ago I was given a flyer--similar
to the one for this seminar--and it proved to be one of the most important
moments in my career as a teacher, and in my life. I had taught for 10
years and earned my Masters degree in Special Education, with a concentration
in teaching emotionally handicapped students. But through all my years
of experience, which included winning a teaching award and a graduate fellowship,
it wasn't until I had the good fortune to study Aesthetic Realism that
I learned precisely what I needed to know to enable my students to learn.
I have seen that the reason students and other people--including,
yes, teachers--have difficulty learning, is because the world is seen as
an enemy, is disliked, and a person has contempt for it. I am grateful
to be learning from Aesthetic Realism--and seeing as true in my classroom--that
every student, including the young people I teach, also have a deeper,
larger desire: it is the desire to like the world on an honest, accurate
basis. And through the facts of the subject, the Aesthetic Realism teaching
method brings it out! Mr. Siegel stated, "The purpose of education is to
like the world through knowing it."
Almost all of my students endure great economic deprivation,
and many of them live in foster or group homes. Many have suffered horrible
things in their short lives, including being physically abused and neglected,
some from a very early age. They are very angry at a world they see as
having hurt them, and are ready to lash out at anyone. Aesthetic Realism
is not soft and doesn't flinch from the worst situations a person can meet.
It says that there is no limit to how much we should be against injustice
to people, to children. But with compassion and great respect for young
people's minds, Mr. Siegel also asked this question, which I see as important
for all educators to know:
| Is this true: no matter how much of a case one has against
the world, its unkindness, its disorder, its ugliness, its meaninglessness--one
has to do all one can to like it, or one will weaken oneself? |
Aesthetic Realism is the kindest education ever in showing
how the subjects in the curriculum represent a world that can be honestly
liked. And for the past few years, as I've been teaching physical education
and sports, with all the problems and academic failures these students
have, I have seen decisive evidence that through the Aesthetic Realism
Teaching Method they increasingly choose learning!
Freedom
and Order--in Softball and Ourselves!
One of the most important factors in teaching a team sport
is for students to understand the rules, and last April I taught an introductory
lesson on the rules of softball to a class of junior high school girls.
In the past, teaching the rules was something I saw as unexciting and dull,
something I wanted to get through quickly--and with that attitude I'm sure
many of my students wanted it to end quickly also. The Aesthetic Realism
teaching method is based on this landmark principle stated by Mr. Siegel:
"The world, art, and self explain each other: each is
the aesthetic oneness of opposites."
When I learned that the rules of softball put opposites together,
particularly freedom and order, this made teaching the sport thrilling.
And as I was preparing my lesson, I saw with a freshness I never had before,
how every rule in the game makes for a kind order and also a greater ability
to let go, enabling the players to be free and make creative decisions
within that order. Learning what is or isn't allowed also makes for more
pleasure; and strict adherence to the rules is crucial for the game to
be safe and played fairly.
This was so important for my students to see. Many of
them had already been in trouble with the law for crimes such as drug possession
or mugging another student for his bus pass. These students had come to
feel in a pretty big way that their freedom was equivalent to being able
to do whatever they wanted no matter who or what might get hurt--and that
any rule was an enemy out to humiliate them. But I was very affected to
see that through studying how freedom and order are together in the rules
of softball, these students got excited, they actually liked learning about
them--and not only that, it made them kinder and more respectful of each
other.
As I describe this lesson I will also comment on a student
I will call Marilyn, who is representative, and show how she is learning
in my classroom. Marilyn (students' names are changed) is a fourteen-year-old
who, at the age of four, was taken from her home where she had been treated
cruelly, and placed in a foster home. She said she hated sports. In class
she would go from being angrily silent for long periods of time to being
outwardly and aggressively seductive with other students and the teaching
staff. Through this lesson, Marilyn changed very much.
I began by asking how many of the students liked the game
of softball. I was surprised to see most of the class raised their hands.
I asked them, "Do you know why you like it?" Diane answered "It's fun."
Janice said, "You get to run to each base."
Meanwhile, we spoke about how each of these enjoyable
things has strict rules with it, and I asked if they knew what they were.
Some students knew a few rules; others didn't. I said:
| There is something beautiful about the fact that there
are many rules of softball that are always the same, for example, a predetermined
amount of innings in a game (seven or nine), three outs per inning, and
only nine players are allowed to be on the field at one time. There are
also the particular markings on the field, some of which indicate a fair
or foul ball, and where the field begins and ends. And then within all
this order is the freedom of players making individual decisions--as to
batting, throwing, or running the bases--as well as the possible effect
that the wind could have on the ball. Without this strict relation of freedom
and order we could never experience the joy of a team hitting a home run,
or the drama when it's the bottom of the 9th inning, there are two outs,
your team is losing by one run, and the person on first decides to steal
second! |

Because I knew that the opposites of freedom and order can
be found everywhere in the world and that seeing this could have my students
feel more related to the subject, I showed the class a dramatic poster
with this photograph by Tom DiPace of a great player in his batting stance.
I asked, even though he is standing still, is he showing a good relation
of freedom and order? Janice shouted out, "That's Sammy Sosa! I never saw
a picture of him." I asked, "Does he look like he's excited? Look at his
eyes." Marilyn said, "Yes!" Diane commented, "He's concentrating." Janice
said "He looks ready."
 |
This photograph shows a thrilling relation of freedom
and order, because as Sammy Sosa has great precision in his stance, he
also is showing the potential to make unpredictable decisions about how
he is going to bat. I said, "Sammy Sosa has the right to swing the bat
whenever he feels like it, but he has to do it within the rules of the
game." And I continued, "He's free to swing, but how many swings does he
get?" The class responded, "Three!" I asked, "What if he got three strikes
and the other players got four strikes?" They agreed that the game would
be very disorganized. And it would be unfair. Through seeing freedom and
order in this photograph, the students were becoming more and more excited
about learning the rules of softball--which also put these opposites together. |
So we reviewed what we had learned. I asked, "How many outs
are there in an inning?" Diane said, "Three--and three strikes." "What
is the base that you run to?" Joanne said, "First." And Marilyn surprised
everybody when she said: "You can't run past anybody on first base."
Continuing with the lesson, I asked, "What would happen
if we were free to do whatever we wanted to do in our homes?" Elsa said
"We would make a mess." Diane said, "There would be no discipline. There
would be a lot of confrontations." Due to the Aesthetic Realism teaching
method, the whole class was taking part, there were fewer disruptions,
and no violence occurred! It's one thing for a student to recite the rules
dutifully--but to really like them is something else; these young people
liked learning the rules, and they were choosing to be actively involved
in the lesson rather than calling each other names or starting fights.
The reason is: the students were seeing opposites as one--that
being accurate made for freedom! They saw there is an exactitude these
rules stood for which enabled them to be more free and easy in the game,
not less--and I can't think of any bigger thing for a person to see, especially
these students. When a person sees that rather than being hampered, held
back--there is real pleasure, real freedom of expression in being accurate,
fair to something outside of yourself, it can make the difference between
choosing to hurt or kill another human being, or not.
To see Marilyn who had not liked much of anything--let
alone a sport--come out of herself so much as to be thinking deeply about
the subject--was HUGE! She is blossoming. And the fact that these students
were raising their hands to speak and answer questions, not running around
the room or insulting each other--it may seem like a small thing, but for
my students, it's grand! I have only experienced this success through using
the Aesthetic Realism teaching method, and I am unboundedly grateful for
that fact.
An Assignment
Every Teacher Should Do
Like most teachers, I once saw my students as very different
from myself. I did not feel I had the ability to reach enough of the students
I was teaching. I was expending a tremendous amount of energy in my day
to day teaching assignments, and was seeing so little success for my efforts
I considered leaving teaching. I am so glad that I came to see through
studying Aesthetic Realism that not only did my students have contempt--I
did--and it hurt my effectiveness as a teacher and was causing me to be
burnt out.
I came to see that I was not fair to my students' hopes
and dreams and used the severe nature of their problems as an excuse not
to do all I could to have them learn. I regret this very much.
In an Aesthetic Realism Education Workshop taught by All
For Education, the class was given the assignment to write a 500-word soliloquy
about a student we wanted to understand better. As I wrote about a young
man named Josh--trying to see his thoughts and feelings, from the moment
he woke up, how he thought about his family, his bus ride to school, and
his thoughts about classmates and his teachers--I felt that Josh and I
were more alike than different and that he had important hopes and feelings
like I had. This assignment had a profound effect on me. Through it, and
hearing criticism of my contempt, I became kinder to my students. All teachers
need to study Aesthetic Realism for the crisis in education to end.
I have had many important successes since using this teaching
method. One is with a boy named Michael who, despite the fact that he was
very strong and had a big frame, felt awkward on the playing field. If
he felt another student was bothering him by talking to him, he could react
violently. He acted as if he was totally against learning physical education,
saying "I don't need to study this." But as a result of my giving lessons
using the Aesthetic Realism teaching method, Michael started to take part
regularly in classes. He began to see other students as more like himself
and started making friends. When we returned from summer vacation, he told
me proudly that now he loves sports, that almost every day he would go
downstairs from his apartment and play softball or basketball, and couldn't
stop playing them all summer. The fact that Michael changed his attitude
represented a personal achievement for him, and is cause for a celebration.
If this had not happened he would probably have been kept indoors by his
mother, under strict supervision, to stop him from getting into fights
and bullying other children in his neighborhood. Sadly over the years I
have heard of incidents where students in my school have died a violent
death on the streets while still of junior high school age.
In Health Education classes, I have had students increasingly
take more interest in the subject, and in one instance two students leapt
off the steps of the school bus and proudly handed me their homework. This
had never happened before in my whole educational career.
Another large success is the school basketball team that
I coach. In the two years that I have used the Aesthetic Realism teaching
method, I have not had any violent incidents in any inter-scholastic games,
an accomplishment that cannot be overstated. And this year the team went
undefeated!
The press's keeping Aesthetic Realism from reaching people
is foul. It has created an unfair educational playing field where students
are doomed to failure. The results of this boycott have been countless
numbers of children unable to learn and a record number of murders in schools
in recent years. The blood is on the press's hands and I hate them for
what they have done. The Aesthetic Realism teaching method is the only
teaching method that can solve the crisis in education; that has students
choose learning over fighting with each other, or worse. It is my hope
that people in this audience today will take decisive steps to make sure
that the Aesthetic Realism teaching method is implemented everywhere in
this country.
Jeffrey Williams played ice hockey for CCNY, and at that time he
was the only African American player in the league. He won a graduate fellowship
from the New York State Department of Education, and a teaching award from
the American Heart Association. He has taught Special Education for 12
years (10 in the South Bronx). A former union representative and current
delegate for the United Federation of Teachers, he has represented the
UFT in selecting mentors for new teachers for the New York City Board of
Education. |